Altai Law Journal of Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Altai Law Journal

State and legal regulation public relations
E.S. Anichkin, Doctor of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor Altai State University E-mail: rrd231@rambler.ru;
A.Yu. Rezinkin, Candidate of Philological Sciences Altai State Мedical University E-mail: aleksei-rezinkin@yandex.ru

    • The need for closer international scientific and technical ties in the SCO space is described, on the one hand, as an established global trend; and on the other hand, it is justified by the need to increase the level of integration of the member countries of this regional interstate association, the presence of member states on the world scientific and technical agenda, the exchange of experience and best practices, the pooling of resources and efforts to jointly more effectively address the «large challenges» globally. The experience of China and India in normatively fixing the priorities of scientific and technological development in national strategic regulatory documents is described, as well as the positive experience and effects of implementing state-owned comprehensive development programs for this area. Key words: international scientific and technical cooperation, national and supranational levels of regulation, regional and interregional integration associations, “big challenges”, program-oriented management, strategic program documents.

State and legal regulation public relations
O.L. Kazantseva, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Altai State University E-mail: vеrwaltung@mail.ru;
R.Yu. ogli Mamedov, Doctor of Philosophy in Law, assistant-professor Police Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan

    • Local government is a form of public authority, the source of which in the Russian Federation is a multinational people. In anticipation of the next constitutional and legal reform, the legislator’s approach to determining public authority and the place of local self-government in its system is of interest. Prior to the introduction of the proposed amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which were developed in accordance with the Address of the President of the Russian Federation of January 15, 2020, the organizational independence of local self-government and non-entry of local self-government bodies into the system of state authorities are fixed de jure. De facto Russian statehood is characterized by “embedding” local government in a single vertical of state power, which is expressed in a strict definition of the legal foundations of local self-government, narrowing its independence, increasing the volume of individual state powers transfer59*red to the local level of government, and reducing sources of funding. Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation concern, inter alia, the organization of state power and local self-government, consolidate the entry of local self-government into a unified system of public power and the performance of public functions and powers by local self-government in cooperation with public authorities. At the same time, the concept of public authority is not included in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which does not allow to finally resolve the issue of the forms and principles of interaction between state power and local self-government. In this regard, the author explores the prospect of the development of local self-government and its right to further existence as a democratic institution. Key words: public authority, local government, constitutional values, state power, system.

State and legal regulation public relations
E.V. Loos Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Е-mail: elev_01@mail.ru

    • The article raises the problem of determining the amount of material compensation for damage caused by violations of the honour and dignity of the person. The author questions the ways of compensation for moral damage, the admissibility of its material compensation, the amount corresponding to its fair compensation. A brief historical and legal analysis of the concept of material compensation for moral damage is being carried out, as well as an overview of modern Russian legislation regulating this issue. The author points out that the broad powers granted to the court in deciding on compensation for moral injury and determining the amount of this compensation have a negative impact on the uniformity of judicial practice. It is suggested that, to achieve such uniformity, judicial powers should be limited to certain limits. The author proposes new rules for determining the amount of compensation for moral damage caused. The amount of compensation is supposed to be established depending on the type of abuse: crimes, administrative offenses, other types of offenses. When determining the amount of compensation for nonpecuniary damage caused by crimes, it is proposed to consider the category of the crime committed. Key words: moral damage, compensation, court powers, rules, justice, honor, dignity.

State and legal regulation public relations
A.V. Nikulina postgraduate student of Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: alik-112@yandex.ru

    • Currently, a huge number of works of legal scholars are devoted to the problem of human rights and the study of issues related to law-making. The development trend of modern society is determined by the idea of building a legal state, while law-making undoubtedly plays a key role in this issue. However, we should not forget that the necessary condition for the establishment of the rule of law is to ensure human rights. As a rule, categories of «human rights» and «law-making» are considered separately from each other; currently, there are no works that focus on the correlation of these legal phenomena. In this regard, the author of this article seems to be a fundamentally new and relevant study of the impact of human rights on law-making. The article presents theoretical and legal approaches to the definition of «human rights» through the prism of legal understanding. To fully study the category of human rights, a systematic approach is proposed. Aspects related to the concept of «law-making» are disclosed. The author attempts to consider the categories of human rights and law-making in their interaction, in which the main role is given to human rights. Key words: law, legal understanding, legal education, legal norms, human rights, legal state, lawmaking, legal establishment, influence.

Administrative law and administrative process
K.K. Bekmyrzinova postgraduate student of Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia Е-mail: kamazonn@mail.ru

    • The number of citizens’ complaints about violations of their rights during administrative proceedings in the field of traffic will increase annually. The analysis of complaints led to the conclusion that indeed, in the course of law enforcement, various legal errors are made, which are expressed both in the incorrect qualification of the deed, the imposition of an unfair punishment, and in the incorrect collection and fixing of evidence. Moreover, the goals of general and private prevention of administrative punishments are achieved provided that the administrative responsibility of road users is inevitable. Thus, at present, it is necessary to form a theoretical basis and legislative base for an effective mechanism for the process of proving administrative offenses. This article discusses the conceptual provisions of the evidence process in cases of administrative offenses in the field of traffic. Key words: administrative responsibility, proceedings in cases of administrative offences, police, proving, evidence, administrative offence in road traffic, traffic rules, traffic police.

Administrative law and administrative process
D.V. Vechernikova, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia Е-mail: dinvech2@yahoo.com;
A.P. Svetlova Candidate of Juridical Sciences Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia Е-mail: leli-7171@mail.ru;
V.V. Tyryshkin, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Е-mail: witsan333@yandex.ru

    • The questions concerning the determination of the procedural status of participants in administrative legal relations have always been quite relevant. The article discusses the procedural aspects of the acquisition by participants of administrative legal relations the status of «witness» or «victim» in the framework of proceedings on administrative offences, and also specifically determine the moment of occurrence of the status at the stage of initiation of proceedings about an administrative offence under articles 5.61 and 20.1 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation. In addition, the article analyzes problematic issues related to compensation for moral harm to victims in the framework of proceedings on these administrative offenses. Key words: administrative offense, public order, insult, witness, victim, status, qualification, consideration of cases, compensation for property and moral damage.

Administrative law and administrative process
V.A. Gauzhaeva, Candidate of Juridical Sciences North-Caucasian Advanced Training Institute (branch) of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: ruslan-nalchik@yandex.ru

    • The legislation on administrative offences of the Russian Federation consists of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation and the laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation on administrative offences adopted in accordance with its provisions. The article considers the definition of an administrative offense, its features, including social harm, public danger, illegality, guilt and punishability, and the content of the composition based on current trends in addressing this subject of study, as well as on the analysis of normative legal acts, literary sources of educational and scientific nature, the conclusion is made about the significance of the traditional concept of understanding an administrative offense, its object, objective side, subject and subjective side. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the commission of administrative offenses affects the vital interests and needs of citizens, individuals and legal entities directly, as they penetrate into all spheres and areas of life, management, without exception. Key words: administrative offense, signs of an administrative offense, social harm, wrongfulness, guilt, punishability, corpus delicti, object, objective side, subject, subjective side.

Administrative law and administrative process
M.V. Shustikova East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: hmv2012@yandex.ru;
A.V. Sumachev, Doktor of Juridical Sciences, professor Tyumen Advanced Training Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia

    • The purpose of the article is to study the specifics of the activities of law enforcement agencies in ensuring the protection of public order during sports events. The process of democratization of our society is expanding in the Russian Federation. International cooperation in the field of economy, cultural and scientific-technical exchange, sports events of various levels are also expanding, and as a result, these actions make certain changes in the organization of the activities of the internal affairs bodies in general, as well as in ensuring public order during mass events in particular. Key word: mass events, protection of public order, fans, illegal acts, divisions of internal affairs bodies, holding sports events.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
S.V. Gabeev East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: kafedra.upik@yandex.ru

    • The article examines the constructive signs of murder for hire, analyzes the theoretical views of legal scholars and the opinion of the Plenary of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on this definition, reflects the author’s position on the essence of hiring and remuneration as signs murder for hire, formulated the definition of murder for hire. The legal nature of recruitment for hire is shown, as well as the types of remuneration for the commission of the crime. Key words: murder for hire, murder, hiring, reward.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
N.S. Didenko, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia;
L.V. Kokoreva, Candidate of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor The Moscow Regional Branch of the Vladimir Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Interior of Russia;
A.A. Torovkov Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Е-mail: torovkoff1204@mail.ru

    • Public outcry, cruelty, sadistic methods of committing crimes under Art. 245 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation make law enforcement agencies to pay special attention to their investigation, and equally to prevention. It may be difficult to qualify the act and distinguish it from other crimes, also associated with causing death or injury to an animal. The analysis of investigative and judicial practice allows to draw a conclusion that the same way of cruelty to animals can be qualified as with application of sadistic methods or without those. Considering topical issues of law enforcement practice, it is concluded that the domestic legislation extends to animals the General rules on property. Key words: qualification of crimes, animals, cruelty to animals, crimes against public morality, problems of law enforcement practice, investigator.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
O.A. Dizer, Doctor of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia Е-mail: dizer77@mail.ru

    • The author considers current problems of countering the drug threat, which is currently a serious obstacle to the development of the state. Special attention should be paid to minors when applying measures to protect society and the state from the threats posed by drug trafficking, since the spread of involvement in drug use and drug crimes is a matter of concern for young people. By the nature and scale of the negative consequences, drug trafficking can be classified as a direct threat to national security. To date, the issues of countering illicit drug trafficking using modern information technologies and improving mechanisms for converting property obtained from illicit drug trafficking into state revenue are topical. The directions of improvement of measures to counter the drug threat are suggested. Key words: drug threat, drug business, illegal drug trafficking, counteraction to the drug threat, underground drug production, underground laboratories, drug laboratories, drug smuggling.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
O.V. Ermakova, Candidate of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: ermakova_alt@mail.ru

    • The author of the article analyzes the problem of creating elements of crimes, the relevance of which is undoubtedly in the conditions of instability of the criminal law. Based on the general theory of corpus delicti, the author shows the shortcomings and gaps in the existing doctrine that prevent the construction of a unified normative legal act. In particular, the author notes the lack of a common understanding of the object of the crime, the classification of crimes by the moment of completion, and the unambiguous interpretation of the criminal consequences. At the same time, according to the author, the main problem is the lack of development of the grounds and conditions that should guide the legislator when formulating the crime. Special attention is paid to the concept and stages of modeling the composition of the crime, that is, the process of creating a structure. The guide to the presented theory will allow to move from the chaotic construction of legislative regulations to unified models. Key words: crime, crime modeling crime, general and specific offence, the elements of the crime.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
I.N. Zavarykin, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: criminal-man@mail.ru

    • The article analyses patterns of criminal negligence in Russia, as well as considers the ways of solving problems related to this negative social issue prevention. The author arrives at the conclusion that criminal negligence phenomenon is characterized by the growing number of industrial and domestic sources of increased danger, increase of entertainment activities places with high concentration of people, latency and systematic character of criminal negligence, along with high social danger of the crime under consideration. According to the author’s opinion efficient counteraction to the considered issue requires decreasing of alcoholization level of population by legal and other means, performing scientific prediction of consequences of organizational decisions related to personnel technical and industrial safety, improving legal and behavioral discipline in road regulations and vehicle operating rules observance. Key words: criminal negligence, carelessness, reckless negligence, crime prevention.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
A.A. Korennaya, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Altai State University Е-mail: lawer_ann@mail.ru

    • Сrimes in the sphere of foreign economic activity pose a serious threat both to the national interests of one state and in the whole world trade system. These crimes in terms of content are crimes of an international character, and in order to effectively counter such acts, it is necessary to develop a unified legal model, both by adopting national regulatory acts and by adjusting national legislation. This issue is of relevance in the framework of the already established Customs Union. In the past few years, the criminal legislation of the Union member states has undergone changes, which required a return to a comparative study of customs offenses. In the framework of this article, the author conducted a comprehensive comparative legal study of criminal law on liability for foreign economic crimes. the work highlighted significant differences in approaches, suggested options for elimination. Key words: foreign economic activity, crimes, Customs Union, Eurasian Economic Union, customs payments, smuggling, customs border, national criminal legislation.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
M.N. Urda, Candidate of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor Southwest State University E-mail: urda.ru@rambler.ru

    • The article examines the sign of «organization» in Art. 3221 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. By referring to doctrinal sources, normative acts and judicial practice, it is concluded that it is inadvisable to refuse to use it in the disposition of this norm. The author’s approach to its interpretation and application in relation to the illegal crossing of the state border of the Russian Federation, delimitation from other migration crimes and tortes is formulated. In order to avoid the confusion of organizing illegal migration and other migration offences should clarify the interpretation of the attribute «organization» part of this crime, defining it not as any actions (they can have an independent legal assessment, for example, a fictitious migration registration), and as organizational activities. Its content is a complex of various actions aimed at ensuring the Commission of foreign citizens (stateless persons) criminally punishable illegal crossing of the state border of the Russian Federation (in terms of entry) and (or) the inclusion of this category of persons in a socially harmful, but not criminal, administratively punishable violation of the rules of their stay or transit. Key words: organization of illegal migration, migration crimes, complicity, assistance in illegal migration, migration tort, qualification of migration offenses.

Criminal law, criminology, criminal and executive right
A.A. Fazliev postgraduate student of Kazan Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: fazliev.amir@rambler.ru

    • The article analyzes the legislation governing criminal liability for anti-doping rule violation in Russia. The essence and scope of each document are considered. The article notes that one of the measures to combat doping in sports should be considered the introduction of criminal liability, fixing this decision in the country‘s legislation, which further requires regulatory regulation in this area. The article analyzes the legal framework of anti-doping legislation in relation to articles 230.1-230.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author considers the characteristic features of international and Russian legal sources, reflecting their features and specifics, compares the mentioned documents by their scope of application, noting the specific areas that they regulate. As the result there is the author‘s approach to the classification of the considered normative legal acts, and offers suggestions for their application. Key words: violation of anti-doping rule, doping, legal regulation, criminal liability, anti-doping legislation.

Criminal trial, criminalistics, forensics, operatively-search activity
N.S. Zheleznyak, Doctor of Juridical Sciences, professor, the Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Е-mail: ZhNS27@mail.ru

    • The article considers possible ways of improving prosecutorial supervision of observation of the Russian Federation Constitution and the enforcement of laws on its territory, including in the field of operational activity. In this regard, the functions of this structural formation are investigated. Such areas of prosecutorial activity as criminal prosecution in accordance with the legal powers established by the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation and coordination of the activities of law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime are used as the analyzed matter. The shortcomings in this area of social practice are noted, the main reasons for their existence are identified. The conclusion is drawn about the need to focus the prosecutor’s office on the main direction of its activities. Key words: prosecutor’s office, supervising activity, law, legal power, law enforcement activity, functions, prosecution, coordination of law enforcement agencies, fighting crime.

Criminal trial, criminalistics, forensics, operatively-search activity
A.V. Kaunov postgraduate student of Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia E-mail: alexspb0917@mail.ru

    • The article examines the problems of development and improvement of Russian legislation in the field of operational search activities by analyzing the quality of legal regulation of public inspection of nonresidential premises, buildings, structures, terrain areas and vehicles in the operational search activities of internal Affairs bodies. the author considers the question of the permissibility of the use of coercion, as well as restrictions on the rights and freedoms of individuals during this type of operational search activities. The article focuses on the legal regulation of the conditions, grounds, subjects of conducting a public survey, the order of seizure of items, compiled final documents when conducting a public survey, offers to improve the legal regulation of this operational search activity in order to use it more effectively when solving crimes by employees of operational divisions of internal Affairs bodies. Key words: legal regulation, non-residential premises, operational search activity, investigation and search operations, public inspection, rights of the personality, coercion.

Criminal trial, criminalistics, forensics, operatively-search activity
A.N. Okhlupina Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: stasya.zharova@inbox.ru

    • The article deals with the problem of correlation between the concepts of «signature», «signature», «personal signature», «paraf» in criminalistic and normative aspects. The emphasis is placed on the presence of many approaches to the definition of signatures in forensic and other literature, as well as the lack of regulatory definition of the concept of signatures and requirements for its composition. The peculiarity of the composition of «modern» signatures is revealed. The analysis of modern proposals of scientists aimed at solving this problem. The high level of these proposals is noted, it is indicated that the implementation of each of them is possible and partially implemented. Relevant examples demonstrate the implementation of these proposals. In particular, it is pointed out the possibility of using the intellectual system of automatic support of scientific research in the forensic study of signatures, which is based on the DSM-method that allows in addition to solving identification problems, to conduct research with signatures, as well as other handwriting objects. The criminalistic concept of «extended signature» is proposed, the introduction of which, first of all, will contribute to the implementation of the preventive function of forensic examination, which will have a positive impact on law enforcement practice in general. Key word: handwriting examination, signature, advanced signature, paraph, DSM method, intelligent system.

Criminal trial, criminalistics, forensics, operatively-search activity
N.V. Poliakov Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: polyakov.nikolay.1987@mail.ru;
O.A. Yusupova Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia E-mail: hudinov44ol@yandex.ru

    • The article is devoted to the consideration of the initial stage of the investigation of crimes in the field of arms trafficking. An analysis of judicial investigative practice shows that the investigation of these crimes causes investigators difficulties in collecting evidence and in proving the guilt of those involved. The paper outlines several objective and subjective reasons that contribute to the commission of these crimes at present. Attention is drawn to violations committed by investigators during the inspection of the scene of an accident in this category of criminal cases. It is noted that in the investigation of illegal arms trafficking, measures are not always taken to uncover related crimes. Recommendations are given on improving the efficiency of the disclosure and investigation of illegal arms trafficking. Key words: crime, weapon, firearms, investigation of crimes under Art. 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Criminal trial, criminalistics, forensics, operatively-search activity
V.Yu. Stelmakh, Candidate of Juridical Sciences, assistant-professor Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia E-mail: vlstelmah@mail.ru

    • The problems connected with cancellation by the prosecutor of resolutions of investigators and investigators on the termination and suspension of preliminary investigation are analyzed in the article. The legislator established that the relevant decisions must be made by the prosecutor in a certain time. From the literal point of view, these terms are stated as preclusive. At the same time, on sense of the law, these terms preclusive cannot be as otherwise it will become exclusive on formal circumstances impossible cancellation of illegal and unreasonable decisions. In work it is reasoned that the terms of cancellation by the prosecutor of the specified decisions established in the law are focusing and are entered «to discipline» prosecutors. However, at detection of illegality and groundlessness of decisions of the investigator or investigator the prosecutor has the right to cancel them and after the terms provided by the law. Also, the last changes of the criminal procedure law connected with cancellation of the resolution on the termination of criminal case more than in a year after its removal are exposed to the analysis. Key words: criminal trial, preliminary investigation, prosecutor, public prosecutor’s supervision, termination of preliminary investigation, suspension of preliminary investigation, cancellation of decisions of the investigator, procedural terms.

Civil relations
E.V. Vaimer, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Siberian Institute of Managment – Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration E-mail: vaimer-evgeniya79@yandex.ru

    • The article analyzes the content of Federal Law «On attracting investments using investment platforms and on amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation», adopted on the basis of strategic program documents. The problems of legal support of their activities in the regulation of investments in non-commercial projects, the lack of guarantees for the return of investor’s funds and the uncertainty of legal liability in violation of the law are identified. The author notes that the regulation of the activity of investment platforms is also carried out by measures of their state support to create and develop a national model of the digital economy. Key words: digital investments, operators of investment platforms, investors, persons attracting investments, digital economy.

Civil relations
Yu.S. Kabanova, Candidate of Juridical Sciences Barnaul law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Е-mail: jul-555@mail.ru

    • The article is devoted to the study of the problem of defining the concept of family in modern Russian legislation. Now there are many interpretations of the family, while in each normative legal act it has its own meaning and meaning, which leads to problems in the implementation of rights within family legal relations. Mention of the term «family» is found in many normative legal acts relating to various spheres of life in modern society. For example, in family law, civil law, civil procedure law, housing law, tax law, etc. However, now there is no clear legislative definition of «family», each branch of law interprets this term in its own way, putting in it a meaning close to the subject of the corresponding branch of law. In order to overcome these problems correctly at the present stage of society’s development, it is necessary to introduce the concept of family and the circle of persons related to it within the framework of modern legislation, which will allow resolving the issue of legal regulation of marriage and family relations without state registration, same-sex unions and marriages with foreign citizens. Key words: family, the concept of family, the Russian legislation, the young family, marriage, family relationships.

Civil relations
A.N. Krivonogov FSUE «18 Central Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defense of Russia E-mail: krivonogov_anton@mail.ru;
P.S. Goncharov FSUE «18 Central Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defense of Russia E-mail: gps_1@mail.ru

    • The article discusses the legal justification for determining the authors of official results of intellectual activity. The relevance of this issue in the modern civil law system is substantiated. The authors focus on the fact that the main difficulty in regulating the administration of copyright in the Russian Federation is the design of exclusive rights to intellectual property results, which can be realized by the copyright holder of the results of intellectual activity, which is not the author thereof. This causes the problem of the mutual intersection of the regimes for the exercise of copyright and exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity in the civil law system of regulation. The article analyzes the regulatory legal acts governing the establishment of copyright, formulates recommendations for identifying authors of service results of intellectual activity, which reflects the need to give mandatory status to the list of authors (with disclosing the creative contribution of each of them) in notifications of results of intellectual activity created creative teams in the implementation of research and development. Key words: results of intellectual activity, intellectual property, copyright, exclusive right, employee, employer, research work, technical development.

Civil relations
P.M. Nazhmutdinova postgraduate student of Nizhniy Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia E-mail: nazhmudinovap@mail.ru;
D.A. Khairullina postgraduate student of Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Management – Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration E-mail: mazaeva.darja@rambler.ru

    • The article deals with a widespread public outcry of a new infectious disease called coronavirus, which has spread rapidly in the People’s Republic of China and, subsequently, has become a global threat. The epidemic that has swept China and many other countries is analyzed by the authors for the compliance of this phenomenon with criteria that allow assessing circumstances as force majeure. It is concluded that, considering the revealed features, the epidemic as a force majeure situation is a complex legal fact-state that causes the emergence of a subsequent chain of legal facts. One of these new facts is the publication by state authorities of prohibitive normative legal acts, which, according to the authors, should be recognized as force majeure circumstances, especially against the background of the growing economic relations between Russia and China. Key words: coronavirus, epidemic, emergency, force majeure, legal fact, legal status, prohibitive acts of the state, public authorities, public service, contractual obligations, international relations.

Civil relations
P.D. Portyanova postgraduate student of Law Institute of South Ural State University E-mail: ivapola@mail.ru

    • The article is devoted to the analysis of one of the new methods of defense of rights for the Russian legislation: the «right to be forgotten» (stopping the display of links to Internet resources containing certain information about the applicant). A comparative analysis of the content and implementation of the «right to be forgotten» in domestic and European law is conducted. The legal requirements for information to which the «right to be forgotten» can be applied are analyzed, as well as the grounds for recognizing information as irrelevant. The categories of «irrelevant information» and «information that has lost importance for the applicant» are compared. The competition of signs of public importance of information and the presence of public interest in information with the «right to be forgotten» is considered. Cases of refusal to satisfy requests for the application of the «right to be forgotten» by search engines, the grounds and legitimacy of such behavior are considered. It is concluded that there are signs of discreteness of Russian legislation in this area in the form of legal uncertainty and the presence of an invalid norm. Key words: discreteness of the legislation, «right to be forgotten».

Civil relations
L.A. Semina, Doctor of Economics, assistant-professor Altai State University Е-mail: seminalaisa@yandex.ru

    • Today, economic security issues have become particularly important. Market economic relations have created favorable conditions for the growth of the shadow economy, on the other hand, the problem of product quality and safety has reached such boundaries, which poses a real threat to the security of the individual, society, and the state. The most painful moment here is the circulation of counterfeit products imported through the customs border of the Russian Federation. The article considers the concept of «counterfeit products», its types and characteristics. Criteria for the damage that counterfeit products can cause are given. Since the customs authorities play one of the key roles in the fight against counterfeit products, the theoretical and practical problems that they face are highlighted, an attempt is made to develop an algorithm for action in case of counterfeit detection. Methods of counteracting to trafficking of counterfeit products are presented, preliminary estimates of the result of their introduction are given. Key words: counterfeit products, economic security, illegal turnover, market.
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